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In 1904 B.M. Bower’s first published novel, Chip of the Flying U, was serialized in a magazine. Two years later it came out in hardback. According to the newspaper the Brooklyn Eagle, “Chip is all right. Better than The Virginian." Chip of the Flying U was made into a film four times, the second time by Universal Pictures starring Hoot Gibson in 1926. The Hollywood industry magazine Variety declared the fourth version, filmed in 1939, to be a “top-notch” western.